Spiritual Intelligence of Pre-Service Students: Insights for Responsive Innovative Teachers and Transformative Education Leaders
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Keywords
Spiritual Intelligence, Responsive Innovative Teachers, Transformative Education Leaders, education
Abstract
The research, anchored on cognition, aimed to find out spiritual intelligence among third year students of the Philippine Normal University, Manila (A.Y. 2014-2015). Specifically, the study sought to look into the following: (1) Determine the spiritual intelligence in the following aspects: faculty, majorship, and sex; and (2) Interpret the spiritual intelligence of the participants in the following domains: Critical Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production, Transcendental Awareness, and Conscious State Expansion. The research employed the descriptive-comparative design to determine the spiritual intelligence with regards to faculty, majorship and sex of the students. The respondents were selected through purposive convenience sampling in stratifying the profile of the students into faculty, majorship, sex, section and year level. A random sampling technique was utilized in identifying the participants. The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) by King (2008) provided a useful starting point for the measurement of spiritual intelligence. Results revealed that the Philippine Normal University (PNU) students had spiritual intelligence interpreted as qualitatively high. The Faculty of Behavioral and Social Science (FBESS) had the highest mean scores with the BSE History students scoring the highest. Results also showed that the female students were better than their male counterparts. The Subscales (Critical Existential Thinking - CET, Personal Meaning Production - PMP, Transcendental Awareness - TA, and Consciousness State Expansion - CSE) were all high on spiritual intelligence. Most of the other majorships in this subscale had a very high PMP. Significantly, the PMP subscale had no occurrence of low mean scores.
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