Priorities and Intentions of Working-Students Working amidst COVID-19 Pandemic
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19 pandemic, lived experience, special needs in education, working students
Abstract
The study explored the priorities and intentions of working students who manage the challenging roles of being a student and a worker. This qualitative study used a descriptive phenomenological design. Five (5) working students from a state university volunteered to be the informants of the study and were selected through the snowball sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's six-step thematic analysis resulting in five themes. Results showed that working while studying was perceived to be challenging yet financially helpful. Students faced time constraints with school tasks, leading to poor grades. Hence, working students tended to have difficulty managing both roles, and the pandemic forced them to work that negatively impacted their academic performance. The study suggested that universities provide more flexibility for working students with options to adjust study loads for working students.
Publication History
Version of Record online: December 27, 2022
Manuscript accepted: December 27, 2022
Manuscript revised: December 24, 2022
Manuscript received: July 3, 2022
References
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Chantrea, B., Chansophy, H., & Chantyta, H. (2017). Working and studying at the same time. UC Working Paper Series, 21. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.uc.edu.kh/userfiles/image/2018/ Working%20Paper%20Series%20Volume%201%20 Issue%201%20(2).pdf#page=27
Childress, P. (2014). The benefits of student employment. Missouri State. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://blogs.missouristate.edu/bearsfamilies/ 2014/07/16/the-benefits-of-student-employment/
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2009). Research methods in education. Routledge. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RE SEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdf
College Life (2022). 5 reasons being a working student is seriously great. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://collegelife.co/magazine/reasons-working-stu dent/
Commission on Higher Education. (2020). COVID-19 Updates - Advisory 4. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/CMONo.-4-s.-2020-Guidelines-on-the-Implementation-ofFlexible-Learning.pdf
Coral, A. F., Atillo, E. D., Baldoviso, J. J., Binigay Jr., R., Bugtong, J., & Bernales Jr., G. (2020). Challeng es encountered by working students that affect their academic performance. Ascendens Asia Singapore – Bestlink College of the Philippines Journal of Mul- tidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 2(1). Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://ojs.aaresearchindex. com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1682
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods ap proaches. Sage publications.
Curambao, L., Yapching, I., Casinillo, J., Lungayan, M., Tolentino, N., Castillo M., Eliguir, M., Hadjijalil, A., & Enojardo, L. (2015). Problems encountered by working students. Academia. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.academia.edu/38231750/ Problems_encountered_by_working_students
De La Salle University Manila. (2020, June 5). 2nd term FAQs. De La Salle University. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/2nd-term faqs/
Dias, D. (2017). Living with uncertainty in times of pandemic: The view of working students in higher education. In anxiety, uncertainty, and resilience during the pandemic period. Intech Open. https://doi. org/10.5772/intechopen.99793
Hovdhaugen, E. (2013). Working while studying: The im pact of term-time employment on dropout rates. Jour nal of Education and Work, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1 080/13639080.2013.869311 Goni-Fuste, B., Wennberg, L., Martin-Delgado, L., Alfonso-Arias, C., Martin-Ferreres, M. L., & Monforte-Royo, C. (2021). Experiences and needs of nursing students during pandemic outbreaks: A systematic overview of the literature. Journal of Professional Nursing, 37(1), 53-64.
Joaquin, J. J. B., Biana, H. T., & Dacela, M. A. (2020). The Philippine higher education sector in the time of COVID-19. In Frontiers in Education (p. 208).
Lischer, S., Schmitz, S. C., Krüger, P., Safi, N., & Dickson, C. (2021). Distance education in social work during the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes and challenges. Frontiers. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2021.720565/full Logel, C., Oreopoulos, P., &
Petronijevic, U. (2021). Experiences and coping strategies of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/ w28803
Magno, G. C., & Magno, E. S. (2022) The untold stories of working students: Failures, successes, and prospects. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 6(1), 88-97. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-6-issue-1/88-97.pdf
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Mounsey, R., Vandehey, M., & Diekhoff, G. (2013). Working and non-working university students: Anxiety, depression, and grade point average. College Student Journal, 47(2), 379-389.
Pedroso, J. E., Alcarde, M. L., Gordon, A. J., & Ponesto, C. B. (2022, July). Challenges and Opportunities Faced By Working Students amidst Pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362312748_Challenges_and_Opportunities_Faced_By_Working_Students_amidst_Pandemic
Perna, L. W., & Odle, T. K. (2020). Recognizing the reality of working college students. Academe, 106(1).
Remenick, L., & Bergman, M. (2021). Support for working students: Considerations for higher education institutions. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 69(1), 34-45. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://doi.org/10.1080/07377363.2020.1777381
Remoto, D. (2022, March 19). Teaching online. The Philippine Star. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.philstar.com/opinion/ 2022/03/19/2168403/teaching-online
Requinto, J. B. R., & Muico, E. J. G. (2022). Assessing the academic performance of working students during Pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362478942_Assessing_the_academic_performance_of_working_students_during_Pandemic Ruthledge, P. B., & Hogg, J. L. C. (2020, September 9). In depth interviews. Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119011071. iemp0019
Santos, A. (2020, October 6). In the Philippines, distance learning reveals the digital divide. Heinrich Böll Stiftung. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/10/06/philippines-dis- tance-learning-reveals-digital-divide
Santoso, P. B., MasdukiAsbari, A. P., LaksmiMayestiWi jayanti, C., Hyun, C., SitiMaesaroh, M., GusliChidir, M., & DhanielHutagalung, A. Y. (2020). Working while studying at university in the self-management perspective: An ethnographic study on java ethnic employees. International Journal of Control and Automation, 13(02), 299-308.
Solmiano, E. M., Buenaobra, J. R., Santiago, M. P., Rivera, Y., Del Rosario, A., Hung, P., & Tus, J. (2022). Kayod kalabaw: The phenomenological study of the experiences and challenges faced by working students amidst the covid-19 pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357928830_Kayod_Kalabaw_The_Phenomenological_Study_of_the_ Experiences_and_Challenges_Faced_By_Working_ Students_Amidst_the_COVID-19_
Pandemic Sunstar. (2021). How working students, individuals can go back to college. Sunstar. https://www.sunstar. com.ph/article/1891147/Philippines/Lifestyle/ How-working-students-individuals-can-go-backto-college
Tettheh, E. N., & Attiogbe, E. J. K. (2019). Work–life balance among working university students in Ghana. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(4), 525–537. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-08-2018-0079
Tsurugano, S., Nishikitani, M., Inoue, M., & Yano, E. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on working students: Results from the labour force survey and the student lifestyle survey. Journal of Occupational
Alcarde, M. L., Gordon, A. J., & Ponesto, C. B. (2022). Challenges and opportunities faced by working students amidst pandemic. ISSRA Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Studies, 1(3), 9-17.
Alfonsi, L., Bandiera, O., Bassi, V., Burgess, R., Rasul, I.,Sulaiman, M., & Vitali, A. (2017). Tackling youth unemployment: Evidence from a labor market experiment in Uganda. Econometrica, 88(6), 2369– 2414. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https:// onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.3982/ ECTA15959
Antipolo, J. (2021). Balancing school and work amidst a pandemic: Working students’ time management. United International Journal for Research & Technology (UIJRT), 3(1), 58-63. https://uijrt.com/paper/ balancing-school-work-amidst-pandemic-working-students-time-management
Archambault, L., Kennedy, K., & Bender, S. (2013). Cybertruancy: Addressing issues of attendance in the digital age. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 46(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2013. 10782611
Avilla, R. A. (2016). DIWA senior high school series: Practical research 1. DIWA Learning Town.
Balacuit, C., & Lopio, L. (2022). Working while studying: The academic challenges of working scholars. 7. 748- 756. Balderrama, E. J. M., Dela Vega, S. K. P., Templado, S. M., Trinidad, A. O., & Francisco, C. DC. (2021). Part-time job: Students’ difficulties in studying and working amidst of Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR), 5(4), 224-228. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, http://ijeais.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/4/ IJAMR210443.pdf
Barrett, J. R. (2007). The researcher as instrument: Learning to conduct qualitative research through analyzing and interpreting a choral rehearsal. Music Education Research, 9(3), 417-433.
Becker, G. S. (1965). A theory of the allocation of time. Economic Journal, 75(299), 493-517. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://agecon2.tamu.edu/people/faculty/capps-oral/agec%20635/Readings/A%2 Theory%20of%20the%20Allocation%20of%20 Time.pdf
Beer, A., & Bray, J. B. (2019). The college-work balancing act. Washington, D.C. Association of Community College Trustees. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ ED605123.pdf
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Burgos, E. L., Flores, M. T., Adolfo, R. L., Cabanos, A. C., Mirabel, D. E., Oligo, K. T., Itoralba, J. C., & Victoria, K. O. (2020). Working beyond limits: A phenomenology of harmonizing work and life among Filipino working students. International Journal of New Technology and Research (IJNTR), 6(12), 19- 36. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www. ijntr.org/download_data/IJNTR06120011.pdf
Burns, D., Dagnall, N., & Holt, M. (2020). Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student wellbeing at universities in the United Kingdom: A conceptual analysis. Frontiers. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2020.582882/full
Cadosales, M. N. Q. (2022). Emerging opportunities in the Philippine higher education institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, 31(1). Retrieved December 27, 2022, from https://ijpsat.org/index. php/ijpsat/article/view/4082.
Caldwell, M. (2022, July 1). The Balance. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.thebalancemoney.com/when-should-i-become-financially-independent-2385820
Cardenas, C. P. (2021, July 12). Keeping a positive outlook as a working student. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.herzing.edu/blog/keeping-positive-outlook-working-student
Chantrea, B., Chansophy, H., & Chantyta, H. (2017). Working and studying at the same time. UC Working Paper Series, 21. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.uc.edu.kh/userfiles/image/2018/ Working%20Paper%20Series%20Volume%201%20 Issue%201%20(2).pdf#page=27
Childress, P. (2014). The benefits of student employment. Missouri State. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://blogs.missouristate.edu/bearsfamilies/ 2014/07/16/the-benefits-of-student-employment/
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2009). Research methods in education. Routledge. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://gtu.ge/Agro-Lib/RE SEARCH%20METHOD%20COHEN%20ok.pdf
College Life (2022). 5 reasons being a working student is seriously great. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://collegelife.co/magazine/reasons-working-stu dent/
Commission on Higher Education. (2020). COVID-19 Updates - Advisory 4. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/CMONo.-4-s.-2020-Guidelines-on-the-Implementation-ofFlexible-Learning.pdf
Coral, A. F., Atillo, E. D., Baldoviso, J. J., Binigay Jr., R., Bugtong, J., & Bernales Jr., G. (2020). Challeng es encountered by working students that affect their academic performance. Ascendens Asia Singapore – Bestlink College of the Philippines Journal of Mul- tidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 2(1). Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://ojs.aaresearchindex. com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/1682
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods ap proaches. Sage publications.
Curambao, L., Yapching, I., Casinillo, J., Lungayan, M., Tolentino, N., Castillo M., Eliguir, M., Hadjijalil, A., & Enojardo, L. (2015). Problems encountered by working students. Academia. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.academia.edu/38231750/ Problems_encountered_by_working_students
De La Salle University Manila. (2020, June 5). 2nd term FAQs. De La Salle University. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/2nd-term faqs/
Dias, D. (2017). Living with uncertainty in times of pandemic: The view of working students in higher education. In anxiety, uncertainty, and resilience during the pandemic period. Intech Open. https://doi. org/10.5772/intechopen.99793
Hovdhaugen, E. (2013). Working while studying: The im pact of term-time employment on dropout rates. Jour nal of Education and Work, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1 080/13639080.2013.869311 Goni-Fuste, B., Wennberg, L., Martin-Delgado, L., Alfonso-Arias, C., Martin-Ferreres, M. L., & Monforte-Royo, C. (2021). Experiences and needs of nursing students during pandemic outbreaks: A systematic overview of the literature. Journal of Professional Nursing, 37(1), 53-64.
Joaquin, J. J. B., Biana, H. T., & Dacela, M. A. (2020). The Philippine higher education sector in the time of COVID-19. In Frontiers in Education (p. 208).
Lischer, S., Schmitz, S. C., Krüger, P., Safi, N., & Dickson, C. (2021). Distance education in social work during the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes and challenges. Frontiers. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2021.720565/full Logel, C., Oreopoulos, P., &
Petronijevic, U. (2021). Experiences and coping strategies of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/ w28803
Magno, G. C., & Magno, E. S. (2022) The untold stories of working students: Failures, successes, and prospects. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 6(1), 88-97. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-6-issue-1/88-97.pdf
Magsumbol, C. (2021, September 18). Exam policy making school harder for working students. The Freeman. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/ce bu-news/2021/09/18/2128015/exam-policy-making-school-harder-working-students
Mounsey, R., Vandehey, M., & Diekhoff, G. (2013). Working and non-working university students: Anxiety, depression, and grade point average. College Student Journal, 47(2), 379-389.
Pedroso, J. E., Alcarde, M. L., Gordon, A. J., & Ponesto, C. B. (2022, July). Challenges and Opportunities Faced By Working Students amidst Pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362312748_Challenges_and_Opportunities_Faced_By_Working_Students_amidst_Pandemic
Perna, L. W., & Odle, T. K. (2020). Recognizing the reality of working college students. Academe, 106(1).
Remenick, L., & Bergman, M. (2021). Support for working students: Considerations for higher education institutions. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 69(1), 34-45. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://doi.org/10.1080/07377363.2020.1777381
Remoto, D. (2022, March 19). Teaching online. The Philippine Star. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.philstar.com/opinion/ 2022/03/19/2168403/teaching-online
Requinto, J. B. R., & Muico, E. J. G. (2022). Assessing the academic performance of working students during Pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362478942_Assessing_the_academic_performance_of_working_students_during_Pandemic Ruthledge, P. B., & Hogg, J. L. C. (2020, September 9). In depth interviews. Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119011071. iemp0019
Santos, A. (2020, October 6). In the Philippines, distance learning reveals the digital divide. Heinrich Böll Stiftung. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/10/06/philippines-dis- tance-learning-reveals-digital-divide
Santoso, P. B., MasdukiAsbari, A. P., LaksmiMayestiWi jayanti, C., Hyun, C., SitiMaesaroh, M., GusliChidir, M., & DhanielHutagalung, A. Y. (2020). Working while studying at university in the self-management perspective: An ethnographic study on java ethnic employees. International Journal of Control and Automation, 13(02), 299-308.
Solmiano, E. M., Buenaobra, J. R., Santiago, M. P., Rivera, Y., Del Rosario, A., Hung, P., & Tus, J. (2022). Kayod kalabaw: The phenomenological study of the experiences and challenges faced by working students amidst the covid-19 pandemic. Research Gate. Retrieved December 27, 2022 from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357928830_Kayod_Kalabaw_The_Phenomenological_Study_of_the_ Experiences_and_Challenges_Faced_By_Working_ Students_Amidst_the_COVID-19_
Pandemic Sunstar. (2021). How working students, individuals can go back to college. Sunstar. https://www.sunstar. com.ph/article/1891147/Philippines/Lifestyle/ How-working-students-individuals-can-go-backto-college
Tettheh, E. N., & Attiogbe, E. J. K. (2019). Work–life balance among working university students in Ghana. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 9(4), 525–537. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-08-2018-0079
Tsurugano, S., Nishikitani, M., Inoue, M., & Yano, E. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on working students: Results from the labour force survey and the student lifestyle survey. Journal of Occupational
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Dec 27, 2022
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Payusan, A., Arrofo, M. J., Codilla, L. A., Gaco, S., Dakay, D. K., Cabanilla , A. J., & Cortes, V. (2022). Priorities and Intentions of Working-Students Working amidst COVID-19 Pandemic. The Normal Lights, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.56278/tnl.v16i2.1725
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