Guiding Children Through Self-Learning Modules (SLM): Exploring Parents' Experiences
Main Article Content
Keywords
Distance learning, modular learning, parents’ experiences, parental involvement
Abstract
Parents have to take over the challenges in teaching children during the pandemic. This phenomenon became instrumental and significant as the education system tried to overcome the temporary suspension of face-to-face classes by adopting distance learning. This qualitative case study explored parents' experiences in teaching their children at home. The researchers interviewed 12 kindergarten parents who taught their children at home using self learning modules (SLM). Based on the results, the parents' experiences centered on their roles as learning facilitators, their encountered challenges, and their strategies to manage them. Regardless of the educational attainment of kindergarten parents, they experienced difficulties in their new involvement in their child's learning. On the other hand, some perceived their new role as a rewarding job and treated their children as their motivation to teach them using self-learning modules. The study recommends the need to intensify the capacitybuilding of parents to help them facilitate their children's learning with ease.
Publication History
Version of Record online: June 18, 2022
Manuscript accepted: June 29, 2022
Manuscript revised: June 21, 2022
Manuscript received: July 26, 2021
References
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Anzaldo, G. D. (2021). Modular distance learning in the new normal education amidst Covid-19. International Journal of Scientific Advances, 2(3), 263-266. DOI: 10.51542/ijscia.v2i3.6
Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers.The Qualitative Report,13(4), 544-559. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2008.1573
Bayod, R., & Bayod, C. (2020). Laying the groundworks for education of children in the new normal: The case of DepEd Southern Mindanao. Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics, 30(8), 443-449. https://bit.ly/3kjXLIK
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Cadosales, M.N. (2021). Employing the experiential learning method in teaching values education during the covid- 19 pandemic. Psychology and Education, 58(5), 5161-5175. ISSN: 15536939.
Commission on Higher Education (CHED). (2020). CHED COVID-19 advisory no. 3. https://bit.ly/36DQACW
Cook, P., Garbe, A., Lorgan, N., &Ogurlu, U. (2020). COVID-19 and r emote learning: experiences of parents with children during the pandemic. American Journal of Qualitative Research. https://bit.ly/3Nbjluh
De Villa, J. A., & Manalo, F. K. B. (2020). Secondary teachers’ preparation, challenges, and coping mechanism in the pre-implementation of distance learning in the new normal. IOER International
Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(3), 144-154. https://bit.ly/3ig3Naz
Department of Education (DepEd). (2020). Official statement Department o f Education. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2020/05/06/official-statement-2
Dong, C., Cao, S., & Li, H. (2020). Young children’s online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: Chinese parents’ beliefs and attitudes. Children and youth services review, 118, 105440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105440
Epstein, J. (2007). Connection count: Improving family and community involvement in secondary schools. Principal Leadership, 2(2), 16-22.
Fontenelle-Tereshchuk, D. (2021). The COVID-19 crisis and homeschooling: A reflection of a parent, a teacher, and a scholar. Reflections : Narratives of Professional Helping, 27(1), 70-83. https://bit.ly/3CdRncG
Foster, T. D., Froyen, L. C., Skibbe, L. E., Bowles, R. P., & Decker, K. B. (2016). Fathers’ and mothers’ home learning environments and children’s early academic outcomes. Reading and Writing, 29(9), 1845-1863. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11145-016-9655-7
Fox, R. (2007). SARS epidemic: Teachers’ experiences using ICTs. https://bit.ly/3iwJLsL Junge, K., Schmerse, D., Lankes, E., Carstensen, C., & Steffensky, M. (2021). How the home learning environment contributes to children’s early science knowledge—Associations with parental characteristics and science-related activities. Early childhood research quarterly, 56, 294-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.04.004
Layno, A. L. F. (2021). Distance learning as the new learning mode. https://bit.ly/3A5Wtpe
Magsambol, B. (2020). DepEd’s distance learning. Rappler News. https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/things-to-know-department-education-distance-learning
Making at-home learning fun for all. (2020, Apr 23). US Fed News Service, Including US State News. https://bit.ly/3wniJKW
Martini, F., & Sénéchal, M. (2012). Learning literacy skills at home: Parent teaching, expectations, and child interest. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 44(3), 210-221. https://bit.ly/3Pcprw7
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. Revised and Expanded from “Case Study Research in Education.” JosseyBass Publishers.
Mirahmadizadeh, A., Ranjbar, K., Shahriarirad, R., Erfani, A., Ghaem, H., Jafari, K., & Rahimi, T. (2020). Evaluation of students’ attitude and emotions towards the sudden closure of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychology, 8(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00500-7
Olivo, M. G. (2021). Parents’ perception on printed modular distance learning in Canarem elementary school: Basis for proposed action plan. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 2(4), 296-309. http://ijmaberjournal.org/index.php/ijmaber/article/view/106
Oppus–Mercader, K. L., & Abadiano, M. N. (2021). kaleidoscopic features of home tutorial in modular distance learning: A confession of functional illiterate parents. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(2), 10389-10400. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.4008
Palma, M. C., Escucha, T. N. V., Distor, Z. B., Tuyao, B. V., Malaco, A., & Estrellan, J. (2021). Parental academic support in online and modular learners amidst pandemic: A comparative study. Indonesian Journal of Community and Special Needs Education, 1(1), 31-36. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/IJCSNE/article/view/33369.
Pe Dangle, Y.R. & Sumaoang, J.D. (2020). The implementation of modular distance learning in the philippine secondary public schools. https://www.dpublication.com/abstract-of-3rd-icate/27-427/.
Putra, P., Liriwati, F., Tahrim, T., Syafrudin, .S., & Aslan, A. (2020).The students learning from home experience during Covid-19 school closures policy in Indonesia. Jurnal Iqra’ : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(2). 30-42. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v5i2.1019
Support at-home learning to maximize parents’ impact on achievement. (2011). What’s Working --, 3(9), 5. https://bit.ly/3sqOu4R
Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for higher education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
Toquero, C. M. (2021). Emergency remote education experiment amid COVID-19 pandemic. IJERI: International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, (15), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.5113
Tria, J. Z. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of education in the Philippines: The new normal. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 1(1), 2-4. https://bit.ly/3hItd1J.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2020). COVID-19 Educational disruption and response. https://en.unesco.org/themes/education-emergencies/coronavirus-school-closures
Viner, R. M., Russell, S. J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., … Booy, R. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: A rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 397- 404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X
Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947. DOI: 10.1016/SO140-
6736(20)30547-X
Alea, L. A., Fabrea, M. F., Roldan, R. D. A., & Farooqi, A. Z. (2020). Teachers’ Covid-19 awareness, distance learning education experiences and perceptions towards institutional readiness and challenges. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 127-144. https://bit.ly/2WQ9tkD
Anzaldo, G. D. (2021). Modular distance learning in the new normal education amidst Covid-19. International Journal of Scientific Advances, 2(3), 263-266. DOI: 10.51542/ijscia.v2i3.6
Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers.The Qualitative Report,13(4), 544-559. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2008.1573
Bayod, R., & Bayod, C. (2020). Laying the groundworks for education of children in the new normal: The case of DepEd Southern Mindanao. Eubios Journal of Asian and International Bioethics, 30(8), 443-449. https://bit.ly/3kjXLIK
Bhamani, S., Makhdoom, A. Z., Bharuchi, V., Ali, N., Kaleem, S., & Ahmed, D. (2020). Home learning in times of COVID: Experiences of parents. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 7(1), 9-26. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22555/joeed.v7i1.3260
Bubb, S., & Jones, M. (2020). Learning from the COVID-19 home-schooling experience: Listening to pupils, parents/carers and teachers. SAGE Journal. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1365480220958797
Cabanero, J., Cadampog, A., & Daing, C. (2021). Professional profile and performance of kindergarten teachers in public schools: inputs for a proposed training program. http://www. ijeais. org/ijamr/index.php/ijamr-5-3-2021/. https://hcommons.org/deposits/item/hc:38223/
Cadosales, M.N. (2021). Employing the experiential learning method in teaching values education during the covid- 19 pandemic. Psychology and Education, 58(5), 5161-5175. ISSN: 15536939.
Commission on Higher Education (CHED). (2020). CHED COVID-19 advisory no. 3. https://bit.ly/36DQACW
Cook, P., Garbe, A., Lorgan, N., &Ogurlu, U. (2020). COVID-19 and r emote learning: experiences of parents with children during the pandemic. American Journal of Qualitative Research. https://bit.ly/3Nbjluh
De Villa, J. A., & Manalo, F. K. B. (2020). Secondary teachers’ preparation, challenges, and coping mechanism in the pre-implementation of distance learning in the new normal. IOER International
Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(3), 144-154. https://bit.ly/3ig3Naz
Department of Education (DepEd). (2020). Official statement Department o f Education. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2020/05/06/official-statement-2
Dong, C., Cao, S., & Li, H. (2020). Young children’s online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: Chinese parents’ beliefs and attitudes. Children and youth services review, 118, 105440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105440
Epstein, J. (2007). Connection count: Improving family and community involvement in secondary schools. Principal Leadership, 2(2), 16-22.
Fontenelle-Tereshchuk, D. (2021). The COVID-19 crisis and homeschooling: A reflection of a parent, a teacher, and a scholar. Reflections : Narratives of Professional Helping, 27(1), 70-83. https://bit.ly/3CdRncG
Foster, T. D., Froyen, L. C., Skibbe, L. E., Bowles, R. P., & Decker, K. B. (2016). Fathers’ and mothers’ home learning environments and children’s early academic outcomes. Reading and Writing, 29(9), 1845-1863. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11145-016-9655-7
Fox, R. (2007). SARS epidemic: Teachers’ experiences using ICTs. https://bit.ly/3iwJLsL Junge, K., Schmerse, D., Lankes, E., Carstensen, C., & Steffensky, M. (2021). How the home learning environment contributes to children’s early science knowledge—Associations with parental characteristics and science-related activities. Early childhood research quarterly, 56, 294-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.04.004
Layno, A. L. F. (2021). Distance learning as the new learning mode. https://bit.ly/3A5Wtpe
Magsambol, B. (2020). DepEd’s distance learning. Rappler News. https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/things-to-know-department-education-distance-learning
Making at-home learning fun for all. (2020, Apr 23). US Fed News Service, Including US State News. https://bit.ly/3wniJKW
Martini, F., & Sénéchal, M. (2012). Learning literacy skills at home: Parent teaching, expectations, and child interest. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 44(3), 210-221. https://bit.ly/3Pcprw7
Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. Revised and Expanded from “Case Study Research in Education.” JosseyBass Publishers.
Mirahmadizadeh, A., Ranjbar, K., Shahriarirad, R., Erfani, A., Ghaem, H., Jafari, K., & Rahimi, T. (2020). Evaluation of students’ attitude and emotions towards the sudden closure of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychology, 8(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-00500-7
Olivo, M. G. (2021). Parents’ perception on printed modular distance learning in Canarem elementary school: Basis for proposed action plan. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 2(4), 296-309. http://ijmaberjournal.org/index.php/ijmaber/article/view/106
Oppus–Mercader, K. L., & Abadiano, M. N. (2021). kaleidoscopic features of home tutorial in modular distance learning: A confession of functional illiterate parents. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(2), 10389-10400. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.4008
Palma, M. C., Escucha, T. N. V., Distor, Z. B., Tuyao, B. V., Malaco, A., & Estrellan, J. (2021). Parental academic support in online and modular learners amidst pandemic: A comparative study. Indonesian Journal of Community and Special Needs Education, 1(1), 31-36. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/IJCSNE/article/view/33369.
Pe Dangle, Y.R. & Sumaoang, J.D. (2020). The implementation of modular distance learning in the philippine secondary public schools. https://www.dpublication.com/abstract-of-3rd-icate/27-427/.
Putra, P., Liriwati, F., Tahrim, T., Syafrudin, .S., & Aslan, A. (2020).The students learning from home experience during Covid-19 school closures policy in Indonesia. Jurnal Iqra’ : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(2). 30-42. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v5i2.1019
Support at-home learning to maximize parents’ impact on achievement. (2011). What’s Working --, 3(9), 5. https://bit.ly/3sqOu4R
Toquero, C. M. (2020). Challenges and opportunities for higher education amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Philippine context. Pedagogical Research, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7947
Toquero, C. M. (2021). Emergency remote education experiment amid COVID-19 pandemic. IJERI: International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, (15), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.46661/ijeri.5113
Tria, J. Z. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of education in the Philippines: The new normal. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 1(1), 2-4. https://bit.ly/3hItd1J.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2020). COVID-19 Educational disruption and response. https://en.unesco.org/themes/education-emergencies/coronavirus-school-closures
Viner, R. M., Russell, S. J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., … Booy, R. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: A rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 397- 404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30095-X
Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947. DOI: 10.1016/SO140-
6736(20)30547-X
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Published
Jun 18, 2022
Article Details
How to Cite
Ramirez, M., Naparan, J., & Naparan, G. (2022). Guiding Children Through Self-Learning Modules (SLM): Exploring Parents’ Experiences. The Normal Lights, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.56278/tnl.v16i1.1716
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Research Article
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