A phono-lexicostatistical analysis of Bikol-Sorsogon varieties
Main Article Content
Keywords
Bikol-Sorsogon varieties, inherent intelligibility, language variation, linguistic similarity, MTB-MLE, phono-lexicostatistics
Abstract
This descriptive-comparative research analyzed eleven Bikol-Sorsogon varieties. A word list of 200 basic vocabulary words served as instrument in gathering the data through semi-structured interviews. This study used purposive sampling in selecting twenty two participants based on the criteria that screened for Bikol-Sorsogon native speakers. Phono-lexicostatistics finalized the data analysis which comprised of phonetic and lexical comparison, phonetic and lexical similarity calculation, and data interpretation with regard to the relationship between the speech varieties. The percentages of apparent cognates revealed four main groups among the eleven Bikol-Sorsogon varieties. This relationship also validated the findings of preceding researches which classified Bikol-Sorsogon varieties into four subgroups. Thus, phono-lexicostatistics proved to be a systematic and effective method in analyzing several language varieties with only limited data available. With the dearth of literature and studies in Bikol-Sorsogon varieties, this research should serve as starting point for a more exhaustive linguistic investigation.
References
Blair, F. (1990). Survey on a shoestring. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington.
Burquest, D. A. (2006). Phonological analysis: A functional approach (3rd ed.). Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics International.
Crowley, T. (1998). An introduction to historical linguistics (3rd ed.). New Zealand: Oxford University Press.
Cunanan, F. (2015). Ang dialect area ng Bikol-Sorsogon: Isang paunang suri [The dialect area of BikolSorsogon: A Preliminary Investigation]. University of The Philippines Diliman.
Dio, R. & Jamora J. (2014). Variations of Sorsogon dialects as mother tongue-based medium of instruction in grade school mathematics. Sorsogon City: Sorsogon State College.
Estremera, M. L. (2017). The implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education: Viewing it from the grade III teachers’ perspective. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics, 40, 47-53.
Grimes, J. E. (1988). Correlations between vocabulary similarity and intelligibility. Notes on Linguistics, 41.
Holmes, J. (2013). An introduction to sociolinguistics (4th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Lewis, M. P., Simons, G.F., & Fennig, C.D. (Eds.). (2018). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (18th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved from http://www.ethnologue.com/18/.
Lobel, J. W., & Tria, W. S. (2000). An satuyang tataramon: A study of the Bikol language. Naga: Lobel and Tria Partnership, Co.
Lorenzana, A. E. (2018). Phonological, lexical, and morphological analysis of the Philippine East Miraya Bikol-Pilar Dialect. Bicol University R&D Journal, 21 (1), 49-61.
Mann, N. W. (2005). Syllostatistics (Unpublished manuscript). Retrieved from http://surveywiki.info/index.php/Syllostatistics
McFarland, C. (1974). The dialects of the Bikol area (Doctoral dissertation). Yale University. McFarland, C. (Ed.). (1983). A linguistic atlas of the Philippines. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines.
Mesthrie, R. (2009). Introducing sociolinguistics (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Inc.
Mintz, M. (1973). Case and semantic affixes of Bikol verbs (Doctoral dissertation). University of Hawaii.
Nahhas, R. (2007). The steps of language survey, an outline of practical methods. Thailand: SIL MSEAG Survey Team.
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2015). Population of Region V - Bicol (Based on the 2015 Census of Population). Retrieved 20 June 2016 from https://psa.gov.ph/content/population-region-v-bicol-based-2015-census-population
Simons, G. F. (1979). Language variation and limits to communication. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics. (Reissued by the SIL International, Dallas, 1983.)
Stark, C. (Ed.). (2009). Globalization & languages: Building on our rich heritage. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved from http://archive.unu.edu/globalization/2008/files/UNUUNESCO_2008_Globalization_and_Languages.pdf
Swadesh, M. (1955). Towards greater accuracy in lexicostatistic dating. International Journal of American Linguistics, 21(2), 121-137.
Vajda, E. (2013). Dialectology, linguistic 201 course materials. Western Washington University. Retrieved from http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test3materials/dialectology.htm
Wimbish, J. (1986). The languages of the Zambales mountains: A Philippine lexicostatistic study. In Debyshire, D. C. (Ed.), Work papers of the summer institute of linguistics, 30, 133-142.
Burquest, D. A. (2006). Phonological analysis: A functional approach (3rd ed.). Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics International.
Crowley, T. (1998). An introduction to historical linguistics (3rd ed.). New Zealand: Oxford University Press.
Cunanan, F. (2015). Ang dialect area ng Bikol-Sorsogon: Isang paunang suri [The dialect area of BikolSorsogon: A Preliminary Investigation]. University of The Philippines Diliman.
Dio, R. & Jamora J. (2014). Variations of Sorsogon dialects as mother tongue-based medium of instruction in grade school mathematics. Sorsogon City: Sorsogon State College.
Estremera, M. L. (2017). The implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education: Viewing it from the grade III teachers’ perspective. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics, 40, 47-53.
Grimes, J. E. (1988). Correlations between vocabulary similarity and intelligibility. Notes on Linguistics, 41.
Holmes, J. (2013). An introduction to sociolinguistics (4th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Lewis, M. P., Simons, G.F., & Fennig, C.D. (Eds.). (2018). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (18th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved from http://www.ethnologue.com/18/.
Lobel, J. W., & Tria, W. S. (2000). An satuyang tataramon: A study of the Bikol language. Naga: Lobel and Tria Partnership, Co.
Lorenzana, A. E. (2018). Phonological, lexical, and morphological analysis of the Philippine East Miraya Bikol-Pilar Dialect. Bicol University R&D Journal, 21 (1), 49-61.
Mann, N. W. (2005). Syllostatistics (Unpublished manuscript). Retrieved from http://surveywiki.info/index.php/Syllostatistics
McFarland, C. (1974). The dialects of the Bikol area (Doctoral dissertation). Yale University. McFarland, C. (Ed.). (1983). A linguistic atlas of the Philippines. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines.
Mesthrie, R. (2009). Introducing sociolinguistics (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Inc.
Mintz, M. (1973). Case and semantic affixes of Bikol verbs (Doctoral dissertation). University of Hawaii.
Nahhas, R. (2007). The steps of language survey, an outline of practical methods. Thailand: SIL MSEAG Survey Team.
Philippine Statistics Authority. (2015). Population of Region V - Bicol (Based on the 2015 Census of Population). Retrieved 20 June 2016 from https://psa.gov.ph/content/population-region-v-bicol-based-2015-census-population
Simons, G. F. (1979). Language variation and limits to communication. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics. (Reissued by the SIL International, Dallas, 1983.)
Stark, C. (Ed.). (2009). Globalization & languages: Building on our rich heritage. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved from http://archive.unu.edu/globalization/2008/files/UNUUNESCO_2008_Globalization_and_Languages.pdf
Swadesh, M. (1955). Towards greater accuracy in lexicostatistic dating. International Journal of American Linguistics, 21(2), 121-137.
Vajda, E. (2013). Dialectology, linguistic 201 course materials. Western Washington University. Retrieved from http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test3materials/dialectology.htm
Wimbish, J. (1986). The languages of the Zambales mountains: A Philippine lexicostatistic study. In Debyshire, D. C. (Ed.), Work papers of the summer institute of linguistics, 30, 133-142.
Article Sidebar
Published
Dec 21, 2020
Article Details
How to Cite
de la Torre, R. G., & Gonong, G. O. (2020). A phono-lexicostatistical analysis of Bikol-Sorsogon varieties. The Normal Lights, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.56278/tnl.v14i2.1655
Section
Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.