A Comparative Study of the Flood Control Programs of Malabon City and Candaba, Pampanga in the Philippines
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Abstract
This research sought to compare the flood control program of Malabon City and Candaba, Pampanga, in Philippines. The study used a case study design. It involved community stakeholders and local government officials such as the officials of Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office (MDRRMO), barangay captain, counselors and members of the community selected using convenience sampling in each of the locale. Coding of themes was done to analyze the collected data. Results showed that flooded area became a natural environment for the people of Candaba. Improper waste disposal is rampant that possess the biggest threat in flooding problem in Malabon. Early warning framework, concrete evacuation plan, order and security management, relief system, DRRM and reporting system, rescue and recovery plan are the contingency plans to delimit the effect of flood in these places. Systematic review on existing policies, sustainability measures and community involvement will provide more productive and significant results in the future.
References
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Brown, J. P. (2012). The economic effects of floods: Investigations of a stochastic model of rational investment behavior in the face of floods. Berlin, Germany: Springer Science & Business Media.
Burch, S., Sheppard, S. R., Shaw, A., & Flanders, D. (2010). Planning for climate change in a flood?prone community: municipal barriers to policy action and the use of visualizations as decision?support tools. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 3(2),126-139. doi:10.1111/j.1753-318X.2010.01062.x
Calderon, L. J. P. (2010). Importance of investing on emergency and disaster preparedness at country level. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(5), 7130-7136.
Camon, C. (2014). Republic of the Philippines Commission on Audit CPA Report No. 2013 -?002 Pilot Audit 1: KAMANAVA Flood Control. Retrieved from https://www.coa.gov.ph/phocadownloadpap/userupload/citizen-participatory-audit-report/KAMANAVA-Flood Control-Project/KAMANAVA-Flood-Control-Project_DPWH.pdf
Doni, F., Gasperini, A. and Soares, J.T. (2020), “Conclusions”, SDG13 – Climate Action: Combating Climate Change and its Impacts (Concise Guides to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals), Emerald Publishing Limited, pp. 85-87.https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-915-720201010
Dutta, R., Basnayake, S., & Ahmed, A. K. (2015). Assessing gaps and strengthening early warning system to manage disasters in Cambodia. IDRiM Journal, 5(2), 167-175.
Flood Contingency Plan (2017-2018). Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (LDRRMC), Municipality of Candaba (Printed Materials).
Grobicki, A., MacLeod, F., & Pischke, F. (2015). Integrated policies and practices for flood and drought risk management.
Water Policy, 17(S1), 180-194.
Guo, L., He, B., Ma, M., Chang, Q., Li, Q., Zhang, K., & Hong, Y. (2018). A comprehensive flash flood defense system in China: overview, achievements, and outlook. Natural Hazards, 92(2), 727-740. doi:10.1007/s11069-018-3221-3
Huang, P., Li, Z., Li, Q., Zhang, K., & Zhang, H. (2016). Application and comparison of coaxial correlation diagram and hydrological model for reconstructing flood series under human disturbance. Journal of Mountain Science, 13(7), 1245-1264. doi:10.1007/s11629-015-3474-1
Jacob, S. A., & Furgerson, S. P. (2012). Writing interview protocols and conducting interviews: tips for students new to the field of qualitative research. Qualitative Report, 17, 6.
Malabon city: An economic coastal hub. (2001). We are Dumaguete Info | Dumaguete’s premier Life and Tourism website. Retrieved from https://dumagueteinfo.com/other-destinations/metro-manila/
malabon-city/
Najafi, M., Ardalan, A., Akbarisari, A., Noorbala, A. A., & Elmi, H. (2017). The theory of planned behavior and disaster
preparedness. PLoS currents, 9.
O’Leary, Z. (2014). Primary data: Surveys, interviews and observation. The essential guide to doing your research project, 201-216.
Overeem, A., Leijnse, H., & Uijlenhoet, R. (2013). Country-wide rainfall maps from cellular communication networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(8), 2741-2745. doi:10.1073/pnas.1217961110
Papaioannou, G., Vasiliades, L., & Loukas, A. (2014). Multi-criteria analysis framework for potential flood prone areas mapping. Water Resources Management, 29(2), 399-418.
doi:10.1007/s11269-014-0817-6
Razafindrabe, B. H. N., Cuesta, M. A., He, B., Rañola Jr, R. F., Yaota, K., Inoue, S., & Kada, R. (2015). Flood risk and resilience assessment for Santa Rosa-Silang subwatershed in the Laguna Lake region, Philippines. Environmental Hazards, 14(1), 16-35.
Traver, R., Andersen, C., Edge, B., Fowler, D., Calloway Jr, G., Gilbert, R. B., & Whitlock, P. K. (2014). Flood risk management: The need for sound policies and practices. Civil Engineering Magazine Archive, 84(4), 48-57.
WMO, G. (2014). National drought management policy guidelines: a template for action, Integrated Drought Management Programme (IDMP) tools and guidelines series 1. World Meteorological Organization/Global Water Partnership, Geneva/Stockholm.
Yin, R.K. (2006), “Case study methods”, in Green, J.L., Camilli, G. and Elmore, P.B. (Eds), Handbook of Complementary Methods in Education Research, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., NJ.
Zhang, K., Xue, X., Hong, Y., Gourley, J. J., Lu, N., Wan, Z., Wooten, R. (2016). iCRESTRIGRS: A coupled modeling system for cascading flood–landslide disaster forecasting. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 20(12), 5035-5048. doi:10.5194/hess-20-5035-2016
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Published
Aug 27, 2020
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How to Cite
De Vera, J. L., Gonzales, N. S., & Evangelista, E. V. (2020). A Comparative Study of the Flood Control Programs of Malabon City and Candaba, Pampanga in the Philippines. Asia Pacific Higher Education Research Journal (APHERJ), 7(1). https://doi.org/10.56278/apherj.v7i1.1546
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Research Article