Editorial Team
Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Marie Paz E. Morales, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
PHERC Executive Officers
President – Dr. Rodante S. Flores (Philippine State College of Aeronautics, Philippines)
Vice-President Internal – Asst. Prof. Cherry C. Pebre (Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Philippines)
Vice-President External – Dr. Marie Paz E. Morales (Philippine Normal University, Philippines)
Secretary – Assoc. Prof. Ramsey S. Ferrer (Philippine State College of Aeronautics, Philippines)
Treasurer – Dr. Jacel D. Mabansag (Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology, Philippines)
Auditor – Dr. Hasmin T. Ignacio (Technological University of the Philippines, Philippines)
Business Manager – Dr. Ma. Arra B. Santos (MPC, Philippines)
Public Information Officer – Dr. Roel P. Balayan (Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology, Philippines)
PHERC Executive Officers
ADMIN STAFF
Jirich P. Baldemoro, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
WEB EDITOR
Patricia Mae C. Purificacion, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
JOURNAL STAFF
Nicole Angela R. Cruz, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
TECHNICAL STAFF
Christine Pearl B. Salimo, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
LAYOUT AND GRAPHIC ARTIST
Mars M. Majul, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Editorial Review Board
Nasir Nayan, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Dr. Vathsala Wickramasinghe, B. Sc. Bus. Adm. Hons. (SJP), M. A. Labor Studies (Colombo), Ph. D. (Manchester-UK) University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
Dr. Michael Cosser, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa
Dr. Sae-hoon Park, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
Prof. Ikhfan Haris, State University of Gorontalo, Indonesia
Dr. Krishna Prasad Rijal, Department of Water Resources and Irrigation, Nepal
Yazid Saleh, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Dr. Sabeeha Hamza Dehham, College of Basic Education, University of Babylon, Iraq
Mohmadisa Hashim, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Prof. Erin Feinauer Whiting, Brigham Young University, USA
Dr. Lynn Okagaki, University of Delaware. USA
PhD., M.Ed., B.Ed Catherine Young, Course Leader for MA Literacy Programme Development, United Kingdom
Rodney Jubilado, University of Hawaii, USA
Dr. Christ John M. Pastor, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Bambang Suryadi, Lecturer of Faculty of Psychology Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Indonesia
Dr. Cesario Jr. A. Bacosa, Holy Trinity University, Philippines
Dr. Manuel C. Belino, Mapua Institute of Technology, Philippines
Dr. Riza Reyes, University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development, Philippines
Dr. Allan Abraham Padama, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Philippines
Dr. Eric Punzalan, De La Salle University - Manila, Philippines
Dr. Leo Mendel D. Rosario, FEATI University, Philippines
Dr. Billy Almarinez, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Lilibeth Coo, University of the Philippines - Diliman, Philippines
Dr. Perry Esguerra, National Institute of Physics, Philippines
Dr. Emmanuel Rodulfo, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Rodolfo Treyes, University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development, Philippines
Jomar Empaynado, Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines
Dr. Praksis A. Miranda, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Dr. Sterling Miranda Plata, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Paolo Nino M. Valdez, De La Salle University - Manila, Philippines
Dr. Handjoko Permana, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Dr. Shirley Palisoc, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Ubaid Yaqoob, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Dr. Grace Moorefield, Azusa Pacific University, USA
Dr. Socorro Aguja, De La Salle University - Araneta, Philippines
Dr. Hanna Hopia, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, Finland
Dr. Heba Obied, Cleveland Clinic Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, USA
Hermie Garrobo, Gimcheon University, South Korea
Dr. Teresita T. Rungduin, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Hsian-Lin Liu, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
Mam Chansean, National Institute of Education, Singapore
Nenet Graza, De La Salle University, Philippines
Nguyen Ngoc Tho, Vietnam National University, Vietnam
Dr. Milan Pol, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Dr. K.P. Joo, Pennsylvania State University, USA
Dr. Ryan Arevalo, De La Salle University, Philippines
Wilfred Espulgar, Osaka University, Japan
Dr. Mary Clare S. Escaño, University of Fukui, Japan
Dr. Jeffrey Milligan Ayala, University of Nebraska, USA
Dr. Bill Atweh, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Vina Severina, Universitas Nigeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Dr. Sayantan Mandal, National University of Educational Planning and Administration, India
Dr. D. Uma Devi, Gayatri Vidya Parashid College of Engineering, India
Prof. Karanam Pushpanadham, The M.S. University of Baroda, India
Dr. Gerald Shenk, California State University, USA
Dr. Ines Gil Jaurena, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain
Prof. Tae Rim Lee, Korea National Open University, South Korea
Achmad Ridwan, Universitas Nigeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Dr. Virginia Cawagas, University of Peace, Costa Rica
Dr. Brenda Williamson, Shaw University, USA
Dr. Satyendra Singh, University of Winnipeg, Canada
Dr. Mao Saroeun, National Institute of Education, Singapore
Dr. Michael Anthony B. Mantala, University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development, Philippines
Melanie David, De La Salle University - Manila, Philippines
Dr. Jovito C. Anito, Jose Rizal Memorial State University, Philippines
Dr. Ma. Victoria Uvas, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Minie Rose Lapinid, De La Salle University, Philippines
Prof. Rene Romero, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Cesario A. Bacosa Jr., Western Philippines University, Philippines
Dr. Zenaida Q. Reyes, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Felipe IV Vista, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
Ms. Armie Cacatian Ibay, Western Philippines University, Philippines
Bro. Joseph Scheiter, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Sri Harto, S. Pd, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
Dr. Gil Nonato G. Santos, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Elizabeth R. Ramos, St. Paul University, Philippines
Dr. Isabel N. Quita, San Francisco State University, USA
Dr. Twila G. Punsalan, AusAID Philippines, Philippines
Dr. Maricar Prudente, De La Salle University, Philippines
Prof. Mae Ran Park, Pukyong National University, South Korea
Dr. Leonora N. Palansigui, Philippine Women's University, Philippines
Jesus A. Ochave, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Melchor A. Tatlonghari, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Topsie Ruannie F. Tupaz, National Institute of Education, Singapore
Dr. Kim Nichols, The University of Queensland, Australia
Dr. Nancy Law, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Dr. Yolanda Quijano, Department of Education, Philippines
Dr. Jely Galang, University of the Philippine - Diliman, Philippines
Dr. Darwin Rungduin, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Philippines
Dr. Razak Abd Samad Yahya, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Dr. Aileen Wang, Manila Doctors Hospital, Philippines
Dr. Paulo Nino M. Valdez, Philippine Journal of Linguistics, Philippines
Dr. Soledad A. Ulep, University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development, Philippines
Shirley R. Ocampo, De La Salle University, Philippines
Dr. Dina S. Ocampo, Department of Education, Philippines
Dr. Mohd Asri Mohd Nor, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Philippines
Dr. Myrna D. Nicolas, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Dr. Josephine Daguman, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Philippines
Ma. Aileen A. Corpuz, University of Texas, USA
Dr. Haileng Chin, University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Brenda B. Corpuz, Department of Education, Philippines
Filma G. Brawner, Science Education Institute, Philippines
Dr. Supachai A. Basit, Emilio Aguinaldo College, Philippines
Dr. Mark Charles Baildon, National Institute of Education. Singapore
Prof. Madya Dr Mohd Hassan Abdullah, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Dr. Elvira L. Arellano, West Visayas State University, Philippines
Dr. Marlene Ferido, University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development, Philippines
Dr. Leonora Fernandez, Manila Doctors Hospital, Philippines
Dr. Rizaldi C. Nocon, De La Salle - College of St. Benilde, Philippines
Dr. Cecilia M. Mendiola, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Carlo Magno, De La Salle University-Araneta, Philippines
Dr. Auxencia Limjap, Far Eastern University, Philippines
Dr. Genaro V. Japos, International Association of Multidisciplinary Research, Philippines
Milagros D. Ibe, Miriam College, Philippines
Prof. Madya Dr Raja Nor Safinas Raja Harun, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Malaysia
Prof. Dr. Tatang Herman, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
Julieta A. Gregorio, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Adelaida C. Gines, Philippine Normal University, Philippines
Dr. Nabeel Abedalaziz, University of Malaya, Malaysia